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How to Properly Operate a Woodburning Stove Wood stoves are an affordable and cozy method to heat the home. However, the smoke they produce can also be harmful to your health. It is essential to understand how these appliances operate and how to use them properly. Many modern stoves rely on secondary combustion or catalytic to reduce their emissions. Older stoves and open flames emit high levels of particulates. The firebox The firebox is the heart of any fireplace system. It's where you create a fire to heat your home and provide ambiance. It's a simple concept, but there are many important details that must be accounted for to keep your wood burning stove safe and efficient. The firebox is described as a combustion chamber that has walls and lid. Most fireplaces have either prefabricated metal or a masonry firebox. The kind of firebox you select will depend on your personal preferences as well as the type of fireplace you own. Most wood-burning stoves use a constant flow of air to create the flame and burn the fuel. Fresh air is drawn into the stove via dampers which can be adjusted inside its doors. This allows the fuel to burn efficiently and helps reduce toxic gases that are generated by unburnt or incomplete combustion. The exhaust gases will be dragged up the chimney and safely away from your home. Modern stoves with catalytic second combustion employ a special catalyst to reburn the unburnt gasses to create additional heat. This produces a cleaner and less polluting smoke than traditional wood stoves that do not have secondary combustion. Modern non-catalytic stoves are also available, but they're typically less efficient than stoves with secondary combustion catalytically. Some fireplaces with wood burning have backboilers, which can be used for space heating and water heating. They are also known as “combination” or “hybrid” stoves and have been in use since the early 20th century. Wood burning stoves should only be used with well-seasoned wood. Freshly cut (green) wood has a high content of moisture, which can cause low flue temperatures and excessive creosote buildup in the chimney. This can cause chimney fires that destroy the stove, and they can be hazardous to your family's health. If you're looking for an expert to examine your wood-burning stove, or to make any repairs to your firebox ensure that the chimney professional you choose is CSIA certified and provides reviews from their customers on their website. It is also essential to inquire about their pricing and what is the type of work they can do. The pipe for ventilation Ventilation is essential for wood stoves to help remove fumes and keep the home safe and warm. Ventilation is essential to remove carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide from the process of combustion. It also reduces the impact of air pollution and loss of heat to the outdoors. Wood, gas and pellet stoves all have different requirements for venting. It is crucial to keep the stove's venting system on annually to ensure security and efficiency. The ventilation system is made up of the firebox and the vent pipe. The chimney and the ventilation pipe are used in conjunction to create draft, bringing smoke from the stove through the fireplace to the outside air. Draft is caused by the differences in density and temperature between hot wood smoke and cold air outside. The higher the temperature, the more smoke will rise through the ventilation pipe and chimney. The majority of modern wood stoves have been rated as low-emission units by EPA. They produce less pollution than older models, which contribute to global heating and other environmental issues. The majority of modern stoves have built-in pollution controls to limit how much they emit while ensuring that the emissions are burned in an efficient manner. Older stoves with open flues produce much more carbon dioxide, which is an extremely poisonous gas and should not be allowed to escape into the home. This could happen if the chimney isn't clean or there is inadequate ventilation, which is why it is essential to install carbon monoxide detectors into your home. Before installing a new or used wood stove measure the distance from where the stove sits on the floor to the chimney opening on the wall or ceiling. Divide this measurement by two to determine the length of stovepipe you need. You can use a single-wall or double-wall stovepipes however, you must allow for the proper clearance from combustibles. The stove's air vent should be adjusted whenever it is first lit up, until a good flame has been established within the stove and its combustion process has been stabilized. It is also a good idea to avoid using briquettes of wood in the stove, because they aren't logs and could contain volatile chemicals that can cause the air vent to malfunction and create a dangerous situation. The chimney The chimney may not be something that people pay a lot of attention to, but it's an intricate system that requires careful attention. From top to bottom, the chimney is made up of a variety of essential components, all of which are essential to ensure that your stove works effectively and safely. The firebox, ventilation pipe and chimney work together to vent the gases from combustion produced by your woodburning fireplace to the outside. This is essential to reduce carbon dioxide levels and prevent harmful emissions. To do this the chimney and flue must be sufficiently hot to move the gases from the fireplace without cooling. This is achieved by using a woodburning stove with high heat output and by regularly adding new logs to the fire. The majority of modern woodburning stoves are built to work with a chimney which is higher than older systems in order to achieve a better draft effect. This could cause problems when the chimney's height is higher than the maximum allowed for your area. If this happens the chimney could be competing with the house stack for draft, which can cause the gases to cool before exiting. This can restrict the gas flow and cause creosote buildup, which poses a potential fire risk. One of the most frequent errors that homeowners make is to open and shut the fireplace door too often which can adversely affect combustion. It is essential to keep the door of your fireplace as tightly shut as you can, and only open it to add firewood or ash. The door that is left open for too long allows hot air to escape the stove, which causes the logs to cool and harder to light. It releases volatile compounds that are not burned into the room. Another common error that people make is using other types of combustibles in their woodburning stove, which can result in higher emissions or even chimney fire. The fact is that woodburning stoves are built and optimized to burn wood and not other types of combustibles. The flu To ensure proper air flow for a woodburning stove, it requires an exhaust pipe that is the right size. Typically, the size of the flue has to be at least 25 percent larger than the stove pipe (which connects the stove to the chimney) to allow enough space for smoke circulation. Additionally the stove must be set on a hearth constructed of a non-combustible substance and has a clear, unobstructed area that is in front of the fireplace opening. Modern stoves are equipped with catalytic combustion systems which reduces the amount of harmful byproducts that get released into the chimney. This feature can increase the efficiency of wood stoves by burning a fire which generates more heat while releasing less pollution. Utilizing other kinds of combustibles, other than firewood however, can cause problems with lower efficiency and higher emission levels. When you are burning wood in a stove or fireplace, it is important to use dried or seasoned wood. If your wood isn't seasoned or dried, it could emit a lot of water vapor into your chimney. This can result in low flue temperatures and possibly a chimney fire. Another way to avoid a fire in your chimney is to have a professional inspection and clean your flue system on a regular basis. This should include the chimney, stovepipe and the chimney itself to ensure that they are all in good shape. A dirty stove or system could cause a poor draft in your chimney, which could cause carbon monoxide build-up in your home. modern wood burning stove can be dangerous for your family members and should never be allowed to happen. A good rule of thumb is to have a professional chimney sweep sweep your stove and chimney once per year. This will also help to keep the stove and chimney working efficiently.